Growth characteristics of calves given milk replacements with various protein and calorie levels
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7251/ZARS2301262SKeywords:
calves, production characteristics, milk substituteAbstract
The goal of the study was to determine how various milk substitute formulations impacted the conversion, mass, and growth of calves. 116 male Holstein calves were divided into control and experimental groups during a period of 59 days. The experimental group's calves were fed a milk substitute that contained bacteria. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups at the end of the experiment, despite the control group's higher average body mass and average daily gain figures. The conversion of the milk substitute was lower in the experimental group. The cost of the total average growth of a male calf (EUR 51.8) of the Holstein-Friesian breed in the control group, is lower compared to the cost of a male calf (EUR 58.96) of the Holstein-Friesian breed in the experimental group.
References
Cowles, K. E., R. A. White, N. L. Whitehouse, P. S. Erickson (2006). Growth characteristics of calves fed an intensified milk replacer regimen with additional lactoferrin. Journal of Dairy Science, 89, 4835–4845.
Drackley, James K. (2004). Feeding for Accelerated Growth in Dairy Calves. Retrieved from the University of Minnesota Digital Conservancy. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/109089.
El-Jack, R. A., Ahmed, K. E. E. (2012). The effects of using milk replacer on body growth and its economic feasibility in feeding dairy calves. Agricultural Science Research Journal, 2(4), 183-188.
Geiger, A. J., Ward, S. H., Williams, C. C., Rude, B. J., Cabrera, C. J., Kalestch, K. N., Voelz, B. E. (2014). Effects of increasing protein and energy in the milk replacer with or without direct-fed microbial supplementation on growth and performance of pre-weaned Holstein calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 97(11), 7212-7219.
Godden, S. M., Fetrow, J. P., Feirtag, J. M., Green, L. R., Wells, S. J. (2005). Economic analysis of feeding pasteurized nonsaleable milk versus conventional milk replacer to dairy calves. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 226, 1547-1554.
S. M. Grobler (2008). Growth performance of Holstein calves fed milk or milk replacer with or without calf starter. MSc. University of Pretoria, Pretoria.
Hill, T. M., Bateman II, H. G., Aldrich, J. M., Schlotterbeck, R. L. (2008). Effect of consistency of nutrient intake from milk and milk replacer on dairy calf performance. Professional Animal Scientist, 24, 85-92.
Ivanković, T., Domaćinović, M., Šperanda, M., Đidara, M., Steiner, Z., Klarić, I. (2013). Rast i zdravlje teladi hranjenih različitim vrstama tekuće hrane. 48. Hrvatski i 8. Međunarodni Simpozij Agronoma, Marić, S.; Lončarić, Z. (ed.), 738-742. Dubrovnik, Hrvatska: Poljoprivredni Fakultet Sveučilište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera u Osijeku.
Lee, H. J., Khan, M.A., Lee, W. S., Kim, H. S., Ki, K. S., Kang, S. J., Hur, T. Y., Khan M.S., Choi, Y. J. (2008). Growth, Blood Metabolites, and Health of Holstein Calves Fed Milk Replacer Containing Different Amounts of Energy and Protein. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 21(2), 198-203.
Nonnecke, B. J., M. R. Foote, J. M. Smith, B. A. Pesch, M. E. Van Amburgh. (2003). Composition and functional capacity of blood mononuclear leukocyte populations from neonatal calves on standard and intensified milk replacer diets. Journal of Dairy Science, 86, 3592–3604.
StatSoft, Inc. (2012.): STATISTICA (data analysis software system), version 12.7.207.1. Available from: www.statsoft.com.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Zvonimir Steiner, Ivan Babić, Ranko Gantner, Vesna Gantner
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
